• ‘Do not let Sri Lanka off the hook’ – Freedom from Torture

    The British Charity Freedom from Torture, has stated that the Sri Lankan government’s commitment to eradicate torture cannot be trusted and call upon the international community to ensure that it is held accountable for any breach of the UN Convention Against Torture.

    In a statement released on Friday, the group said,

    “It is clear as day under international law that torture is wrong in all circumstances, whoever the victim – be they combatant or civilian, man or woman. Allegations must be investigated; torturers must be held to account."
    "Let us hope that governments around the world do not let Sri Lanka off the hook if the government fails to achieve the justice it has promised through its own means."
    "Given the shocking cases of torture we have documented – survivors arriving at our door in the UK with the resulting mental and physical scars still fresh – the government's word on torture is not something we can hold in any regard.

    It comes after the UN Committee Against Torture meeting concluded this week, where Sri Lanka’s abuses were once again under the spotlight.



    The Committee's Rapporteur on Sri Lanka, Felice Gaer told the Sri Lankan delegation that they had failed to respond adequately to the substantial allegations laid out before them, with Co-Rapporteur on Sri Lanka, Alessio Bruni adding,

    “We have heard a lot of information (from the Government) about rules and regulations, not so much about what happens in the country...the reality seems to be different, the amount of allegations coming from the most reliable sources.. UN sources...NGO sources...one cannot say that there is a real zero tolerance policy in Sri Lanka....You said you are 110% with us. Are you 110% with your own civil society?"

    The Sri Lankan delegate, Mohan Peiris then reasserted his previous position vowing to “bring [torture] to a minimum”.

    Freedom from torture slammed the response, saying,

    “This is hardly consistent with the absolute nature of the prohibition on torture; never means never – not 'minimise'.”

    The culture of impunity was also discussed, with Gaer noting that Sri lanka had not given any indication that they would investigate and prosecute those responsible for torture, stating “this is the most central obligation on states (as well as criminalising torture) in the Convention".

    Freedom from Torture reiterated that position calling for “thorough and independent investigations” into all allegations of torture.

    The statement also commented on the LLRC, calling it “deeply flawed” and that it is expected to deliver a “whitewash”, when it finally releases its report.

    “At this point, the UK and other states which have withheld further pressure on the Sri Lankan regime pending the report will have no choice but to act.”

     

  • Parliament passes expropriation bill

    Sri Lanka’s parliament has passed the controversial nationalisation bill, clearing the way for the government to take over 37 companies.

    The "Revival of Under-performing Enterprises and Under-utilised Assets Act" allows the takeover of companies that are deemed to be underperforming by the government.

    Opposition leader Ranil Wikremesinghe and the influential Buddhist clergy have spoken out against the new bill.

    The 37 companies to be nationalised include several companies with foreign capital and businesses owned by supporters of the main opposition.

    See our previous articles:

    Supreme Court backs government's expropriation bill (08 Nov 2011)

    Expropriation bill claims first victim (05 Nov 2011)

    Sri Lankan Government to 'takeover 36 private companies'  (01 Nov 2011)

  • India raises fishing issue with Rajapakse
    Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh met with Sri Lankan President Mahinda Rajapakse on Thursday, where he raised the issue of the Sri Lankan Navy’s frequent attacks on Tamil Nadu fishermen.

    The 45-minute meeting took place on the sidelines of the SAARC summit in the Maldives, and comes as Indian Foreign Secretary Ranjan Mathai ended a three-day trip to Sri Lanka, where he also discussed the issue with the Sri Lankan President.

    Last week, Tamil Nadu Chief Minister Jayalalithaa wrote to Manmohan Singh, urging him to “take a strong stand” against Colombo and "convey its serious apprehension through tough words and action", after a recent spate of attacks by the Sri Lankan Navy.

    The letter read,

    “I am constrained to point out that all the concerns of the Centre and Government of Tamil Nadu in this regard have only fallen on deaf ears where the Sri Lankan authorities are concerned.”


    She went on to say, “the attacks should be viewed as a National issue” , and said there was

    a definite pattern of attacks by the Sri Lankan Navy to create a fear psychosis amongst the innocent Tamil Nadu fishermen with a view to force them to desist from eking out their livelihood.”
    “There is a deep feeling of unrest and concern among the fishermen community in particular and the entire State in general due to such incidents that have not stopped despite our repeated appeals to the Government of India and the diplomatic efforts of the Government of India."
    The Chief Minister cited 22 incidents of attacks of Tamil Nadu fishermen by the Sri Lankan Navy since May this year and six major attacks during the past month alone.
  • Free press campaigners condemn Sri Lanka's proposed media regulation

    The Committee to Protect Journalists has criticised the Sri Lankan government's announcement to enforce regulation of the media, in a statement released on Thursday.

    CPJ said,

    "The CPJ is concerned by the Sri Lankan government's announcement of an upcoming set of guidelines and code of conduct for journalists and media organizations, and believes these regulations will only increase the government's control of the media."

    Bob Dietz, CPJ's Asia program coordinator, said,

    "Website registration rules, the blocking of websites, and now talk of media guidelines are indicators that the pressure on voices critical of President Mahinda Rajapaksa's government is only going to increase."

    "Calls for reform have fallen on deaf ears inside the government in the past.

    "Colombo's diplomatic community must work to engage with the president to reverse these policies."

    Sri Lanka's media ministry announced the planned regulations on Saturday,

    "[The government will] soon introduce a set of guidelines and a code of conduct for media to be adhered to by all media institutions and media persons in the country."

    The ministry statement, requested that "the relevant websites to communicate with the Ministry and register their accreditation."

  • Sri Lanka's Killing Fields' - More evidence to be aired

    Channel 4 has confirmed that they are working on a follow up to their critically acclaimed documentary “Sri Lanka’s Killing Fields" which will reveal new evidence of war crimes committed by Sri Lankan Government forces.

    The film, entitled “Sri Lanka's Killing Fields : War Crimes Unpunished”, will contain contemporaneous documents, eye-witness accounts, as well as photographs and videos revealing the final events of the war, and will be screened in the new year.

    Jon Snow, who presented the first documentary said,
    'I'm very proud that the new year will see a follow up to our widely-acclaimed documentary Sri Lanka's Killing Fields.

    We believe it shows more evidence of official complicity in war crimes and we will continue to show what we find to the world. I hope this film captures, shocks and educates in the same way as the first did."
    Sri Lanka’s Killing Fields sparked international outrage at the lack of investigation into war crimes and was screened across the world, including at the UN in Geneva and New York and also shown to politicians at the House of Commons, the European Parliament and key figures in the US Senate.

    Film director Callum Macrae acknowledging the importance of the film saying,
    "Just occasionally you get involved in a film which you feel might really make a difference. Our last film had an extraordinary international impact throughout the world.

    In this new film we investigate those responsible for those crimes; we show who knew about them and we explain just why the world failed to prevent them."
    Dorothy Byrne Channel 4's Head of News & Current Affairs also commented,
    "The horrific revelations in Sri Lanka's Killing Fields caused concern across the globe and calls for further investigations so we decided to do just that; to continue the journalistic endeavour to find out the full truth about these terrible events."
    Over a million viewers in the UK have watched Sri Lanka’s Killing Fields, and it has been screened on national television in Australia, India, Denmark, Norway and Belgium.

    It is still available to watch on their website, where it has been watched in over 30 countries on 4oD - totalling more than 455,000 across all platforms and more than 360,000 on channel4 4oD. Channel 4 have confirmed that the follow up will also be ungeoblocked and available to watch internationally from their website.

    Sri Lanka's Killing Fields can be viewed here.
  • UN: Secret detention centres in Sri Lanka

    The UN Committee against Torture (CAT) has said that several secret detention centres exist in Sri Lanka, with torture and killings widespread.

    Vice Chair of the CAT, Felice Gaer, said an independent investigation is needed to look into the allegations.
    "Sri Lanka Army and affiliated Para military groups have run and made possible to run secret facilities which torture and extra judicial killings, have it is claimed, perpetrated" she said

    She informed the session that the UN Working Gropup on Disappearances holds Sri Lanka as haing the second highest number of disappearances in the world.

    "While many of these cases have been clarified there are more than 5,000 that haven't been" said Miss Felice Gaer.

    Meanwhile Sri Lanka responded in a predictable manner.

    Senior Legal Advisor to the Sri Lankan Cabinet, Mohan Peiris, said:

    “The commitment to honour the obligations under the Convention against Torture has continued in earnest and the progress in many areas has been exemplary while in some areas there is a great deal of work that must still be done,” Mr. Peiris said.

    “Let me assure and reiterate to all members of this Committee that Sri Lanka has assiduously followed a tradition of close and constructive cooperation with all human rights treaty bodies and as well as the special procedural mechanisms of the Human Rights Council, and efforts are afoot right at this moment to strengthen this tradition.”

    "We are committed to a world in which we can live in peace and dignity and you can be sure that we would do our utmost in the compliance of the convention provisions so that Sri Lanka will be an ideal place on this planet in which that everyone who lives there can live as brothers and sisters of the same family"

  • International human rights groups urge UN to act on Silva

    Ten international human rights organisations have urged the UN to suspend the diplomatic credentials of Sri Lanka's Deputy Permanent Representative to the UN and former army commander, Shavendra Silva, following the overwhelming evidence of war crimes made against him.

    The organisations consist of SPEAK Human Rights and Environmental Initiative, UNROW Human Rights Impact Litigation Clinic at American University Washington College of Law, Center for Constitutional Rights, Allard K. Lowenstein International Human Rights Clinic at Yale Law School, Human Rights USA, World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT), European Center for Constitutional and Human Rights, TRIAL, Campaign Against Criminalising Communities, Society for Threatened Peoples

    Writing in a joint letter to the UN Secretary General, Ban Ki Moon, the ten organisations said,

    Overwhelming evidence showing that the Government of Sri Lanka perpetrated war crimes and crimes against humanity compels the suspension of General Silva’s credentials,”

    “Permitting General Silva to retain his credentials would send a message to lawbreaking governments around the world that the United Nations will not defend the cause of justice and that it will shelter war criminals and perpetrators of mass atrocities.”

    "Sri Lanka should not be rewarded with unlimited immunity for war crimes for militarizing its diplomatic positions.

    "I urge you to encourage the Credentials Committee to recommend to the General Assembly that General Silva’s credentials be suspended, and thereby ensure that the victims of torture and war crimes have their day in court."

    Silva is facing a lawsuit in a New York federal court for war crimes, including torture, extrajudicial killing and the intentional shelling of civilians during Sri Lanka’s armed conflict.

    On Tuesday, attorneys filed a response to the Sri Lankan General, Shavendra Silva’s motion to dismiss the war crimes indictment made against him arguing diplomatic immunity.

    The lead counsel in the lawsuit against Silva, Ali Beydoun, who is also, director at American University Washington College of Law’s UNROW Human Rights Impact Litigation Clinic and a Senior Partner at SPEAK Human Rights & Environmental Initiative said,

    The United Nations has a war criminal within its ranks. This is a moral and legal offense,”

    "Silva should not be allowed to manipulate diplomatic immunity to use it as a shield for his crimes.

    “As the largest international body protecting peace and justice, the United Nations has a duty to allow a full investigation into General Silva’s war crimes.

     

    See related articles:

    Growing calls for prosecution of Sri Lankan envoy to Australia (Oct 2011)

    Lawsuit filed against Shavendra Silva in US (Sep 2011)

  • EU express ‘concern’ over website bans
    In a statement released Tuesday morning, the EU Heads of Mission in Colombo stated their concern over the growing lack of media freedom in Sri Lanka, after a recent crackdown on anti-government websites.

    The statement adds to the growing pressure on Sri Lanka, after the US and other free media organisations criticised moves by the Sri Lankan government stifling media freedom.

    A recent spate of website bans took place on the island after it was claimed they insulted government officials.

    The full EU statement said,
    “EU Heads of Mission in Colombo view with concern the recent blocking of various news websites in Sri Lanka.
    The EU considers that freedom of press forms an integral part of any democratic system. The EU therefore believes that the media should be allowed to operate independently.
    The EU also believes that citizens have the right to access all information provided by the media and to make their own judgements and to formulate opinions independently.
    The EU Heads of Mission call on the Sri Lankan authorities to ensure that the rights of the free media are respected.”
    See our earlier post: Sri Lanka bans opposition website (Nov 2011)

  • Sri Lanka ‘acting’ to curb torture – Peiris

    A Sri Lankan delegation, led by Mohan Pieris, told the UN Committee Against Torture on Tuesday that they are acting to curb torture committed by its security forces.

    He told the panel that the Sri Lankan government agrees “110 percent” that there must be no tolerance for torture.

    Their claims come as several human rights organisations, including Amnesty International and Freedom from Torture, released reports which include damning evidence of systematic state sponsored torture camps.

    Yolande Foster from Amnesty International said,

    "There is no longer an independently functioning unit investigating torture allegations levelled against the security forces, which calls into question Sri Lanka's commitment to ending this abhorrent practice,"

    The UN panel questioned Sri Lanka over accusations of torture by police, harassment of lawyers and journalists, deaths in state custody, secret detention centres and the disappearances of thousands of people, a large proportion of those belonging to the Tamil-speaking community.

    See Sri Lanka: war crimes are 'hearsay' and 'propaganda' (Oct 2011)

  • Supreme Court backs government's expropriation bill

    Sri Lanka's Supreme Court has backed the government's contentious expropriation bill.

    The court ruled that the controversial legislation, which would allow the government to acquire enterprises and assets deemed to be underperforming is consistent with the country's constitution. 

    Parliament was informed of the court ruling on Tuesday.

    Deputy Speaker Chandima Weerakkody said,

    "The Supreme Court has informed its decision that, subject to the drafting of errors, the bill has not been found inconsistent with the constitution,"

    Weerakkody did not elaborate on the 'errors' identified.

    The bill is expected to be passed on Wednesday in parliament.

    See I am above the law, says Rajapaksa (Mar 2010)

  • Sri Lanka bans opposition website

    The Sri Lankan Government has blocked more websites from being accessed in the country, after calling on all news websites to register with the media ministry.

    The websites now blocked include Lankawaynews, the official website of the UNP, Sri Lanka Guardian and Sri Lanka Mirror, extending the list of banned websites, which already includes TamilNet and Lankanewsweb and Lanka-e-news, a website which was blocked last week, prompting condemnation by the US embassy in Colombo:

    “While the embassy does not endorse the views of any particular media outlet, the US believes that a free and independent media is vital to ensuring the health and continuation of any democracy.

    “Freedom of expression, including unfettered access to internet news websites, is a basic right which must be respected. We therefore call on the Sri Lankan authorities and the management of Sri Lankan telecommunication firms to stop activities aimed at blocking free access in Sri Lanka to all legitimate media websites, including lanka e news.”


    The Free Media Movement (FMM), a Sri Lankan media watchdog, have criticised the move, calling it a ‘brutal crackdown’.

    Speaking to BBC Sandeshaya, the convenor of FMM said "The government did not hold any discussion with the media organisations regarding the registration of these sites and the sites were blocked on the same day the statement was released,"

    The UNP reacted to the move with outrage, calling the move ‘undemocratic’.

    “We will continue to campaign against such moves and even take legal action.”

    “If the Government claims that there is intrusion into the private lives of certain individuals, then there are ways of taking legal action against those responsible.

    "Also politicians must remember that since they are public figures and their actions affect the public they could come under close scrutiny. Even the decision for those carrying any content relating to matters in Sri Lanka to register with the authorities is absurd, and shows that the Government is paranoid,” the media manager of the opposition party, Mangala Samaraweera said.

    See our previous articles:

    Sri Lanka orders news websites to register (06 Nov 2011)

    US ‘deeply concerned’ over Lanka’s media freedom (01 Nov 2011)

    Sunday Leader editor threatened by ‘Sinha Regiment’ (03 Nov 2011)

    When Dutugemunu met the Queen... (02 Nov 2011)

    Status: Not Free (19 Oct 2011)

  • Swiss court slammed over refugee ruling
    NGOs and refugee agencies have criticised a Swiss federal court ruling that allows failed asylum seekers to be returned to Sri Lanka, calling it a “dangerous” decision.

    The ruling deemed that it was safe to return asylum seekers back to the island, despite acknowledging the worsening human rights situation, particularly with the deteriorating freedom of speech, and sparked a wave of criticism.

    The court also noted that government opponents are considered enemies of the state along with  journalists, human rights activists and NGOs, and are at risk of persecution.

    Christoph Wiedmer, director of the Society for Threatened Peoples, told swissinfo.ch.,
     “It’s really a bit shocking saying there is a risk for these people, even those coming from Switzerland, but then they accept that they have to be sent back. I really don’t understand that.”

    The court did rule however, that people from the Vanni cannot be returned to Sri Lanka, unless they can return to another part of the country. Groups have urged the Federal Migration Office to acknowledge that all Tamils returning to Sri Lanka, face the same risk from the government.

    Wiedmer said that there were “a lot, a lot” of cases of tamils being interrogated by the government once returned to the island, and commented,

    “We hope the Federal Migration Office will handle this very carefully, [and is] aware that every single person is really threatened”.
    The Swiss refugee Council also released a statement criticising the ruling, saying,
    “Considering the circumstances, the Swiss Refugee Council sees the court’s change in practice to be premature.

    As long as the situation is not continuously stable and there are still risks posed to deported asylum seekers, no asylum seeker should be sent back against his will to the north or east of Sri Lanka.”
    See our earlier posts:

    Amnesty sends report to UN Committee against Torture (Oct 2011)

    Bid to halt deportation fails, Tamils detained on arrival in Colombo (Oct 2011)

    Asylum seekers held under PTA (Sep 2011)

    ‘Why save me to send me to die?’ (Jun 2011)

  • Victims recount torture at the hands of Sri Lankan forces

    Victims of torture at the hands of Sri Lankan forces, as recently as this summer, have come forward to recount their ordeals. 

    In anonymised interviews with Channel 4 news, the two men, with scars on their backs, described the shocking events:

    "They used to beat me with a steel cable. It would peel away my skin. The pain would be simply unbearable. They would hang me upside down and dunk my head into water. They covered my head with a polythene bag soaked in petrol and tied it tightly around my neck. When I tried to breathe in it felt like I was breathing fire."

    "They laid me upside down and dunked my head in a barrel of water. They lay me face down on a table and hammered me with wires, poles and rods. They burned me with cigarette butts. When I asked for water to drink, they gave me urine. I thought it would have been better if I had died at the end of the war, rather than survived to face this."

    The victims' testimony comes on the eve of a review by the UN Committee Against Torture and as Tamil refugees are deported to Sri Lanka on the premise that their lives are no longer at risk.

     

    Further torture victims have come forward and given evidence to the group Freedom from Torture. Excerpts of testimonies have been included in the group's report, 'Out of the Silence: New evidence of ongoing torture in Sri Lanka', published on Monday.


    Excerpts reproduced below:

    Saarheerthan:

    “Many of us bear the marks of torture on our minds and bodies, but in Sri Lanka you can’t express that you’ve been tortured. If you show your scars to a doctor you risk them telling the authorities and you would likely be detained again.”


    Lakshiyan:

     "The government tortured people who they could say to the rest of the world “these are LTTE terrorists”. Other countries wouldn’t help, as the LTTE is a banned organisation. It seemed to us like they managed to ban the whole Tamil community.”


    Ganajan:

     "Earlier the government fought a weapons war against us with bombs; now they are making a silent war, kidnappings and ongoing detention.”


    Rohan:

    “After I arrived in Sri Lanka and tried to leave the airport, two men stopped me, asked for my passport and asked me to come with them. They showed me their IDs – two people from CID [Criminal Investigation Department]. They took me out of a different entrance and pulled me inside a van.

    They started to ask questions about why I had come back to Sri Lanka – saying that I had escaped the first time but not this time. They tied my hands and legs and kicked me very badly.

    “I was taken to a building. They asked questions like ‘why have you come back again?, ‘what did you do in the UK?’, ‘where is your brother?’ [an LTTE member]. I said I had no contact with him.

    "They tortured me inside the room by removing my clothes and hitting me with burning irons. I was feeling a burning sensation all over my body. They kept me for two days and I found my body was all swollen. On the third day they put me inside the van. I thought they were going to shoot me.

    "Later I realised that my family had given them some money and because of that I was released.”

     

    A particularly harrowing account published in The Guardian, stated,

    "They said they were going to put a mark on me. They pushed a pin into my penis. When they removed the pin, something was left inside me. I saw them do the same thing to three other people."

    The victim subsequently underwent surgery at Ealing hospital in London, where a piece of plastic tubing was surgically removed.

    It is believed foreign objects are inserted as a form of branding and identification of detainees by the Sri Lankan forces.

    See related articles:

    Swiss court slammed over refugee ruling (Nov 2011)

    Amnesty sends report to UN Committee Against Torture (Oct 2011)

    Bid to halt deportation fails, Tamils detained on arrival in Colombo (Sept 2011)

    UK still ‘complicit’ in torture of Tamils (Sept 2011)

  • UK Charity hands torture report to UN

    Freedom from Torture, a charity working with victims of torture, has handed a report on Sri Lanka to the UN on the eve of a meeting of its Committee against torture.

    The report reveals horrific details of continuing torture, mainly of Tamils, by the Sri Lankan state. Most of the torture was meted out to individuals who were perceived to have links to the LTTE.

    Doctors at the organisation reviewed 35 cases out of over 300 cases which had been referred to the charity’s clinics over the past two years.

    The vast majority of cases were for medico-legal reports (MLR), documents used to prove torture in asylum cases.

    The submission focuses exclusively on cases of torture committed after 2009, highlighting the fact that torture is still widespread and ongoing in 2011.

    "Torture perpetrated by state actors within both the military and police has continued in Sri Lanka after the conflict ended in May 2009 and is still occurring in 2011," it says.

    "These cases demonstrate the widespread and continuing use of a large number of unofficial detention facilities in which many of the individuals … were held."

    The evidence in the report suggests that torture was committed with impunity, as most victims were left with heavy scarring and burns, suggesting the perpetrators were not concerned with repercussions.

    "As well as recording serious psychological impact in virtually all of the individuals whose cases are sampled in this report, the forensic documentation also reveals high levels of visible scarring which strongly suggests a deliberate policy of 'branding' and an environment where perpetrators act with impunity."

    Of the 35 cases examined, 33 were ethnic Tamils.

    Significantly, 14 of those individuals travelled abroad before they were tortured, including several cases of failed asylum seekers, who were deported back to Sri Lanka from European countries, including the UK.

    The report goes on the locations of the torture camps and horrific details about the acts committed on the individuals.

    Torture methods range from burning parts of the body with heated metal rods to shocking sexual abuse, such as ‘burning of genitals with caustic substances’ and rape.

    The report recommends an urgent investigation by the Committee against Torture into whether torture is being systematically practiced against Tamils in Sri Lanka and that the UK ceases all deportations of individuals at risk of torture to Sri Lanka.

    It also calls on the UN and the international community to launch an investigation into allegations of human rights violations committed during 2009, ‘as recommended by the UN Panel of Experts Report (Recommendation 1), and in light of the well-known defects of the Lessons Learnt and Reconciliation Commission (LLRC)’.

    The UN has received submissions from various human rights organisations for its meeting, including Amnesty International, Redress and the Asian Human Rights Commission.

  • Sri Lanka orders news websites to register

    The Sri Lankan Government has urged all news websites to register with the media ministry, in a move widely seen as an attempt to further restrict the freedom of the press on the island.

    "This ministry believes that those who are operating and maintaining these clandestine websites have been doing so to discredit the government, the head of state," the ministry said in a statement.

    "Such slanderous publications should not only be discouraged but also acts of this nature would have to be effectively prevented in the interest of the general public."

    Last month, anti-government website Lanka-e-news was blocked in Sri Lanka, after it carried articles critical of President Rajapakse.

    The US condemned the ban of the website by the government.

    "The United States believes that a free and independent media is vital to ensuring the health and continuation of any democracy. Freedom of expression, including unfettered access to internet news websites, is a basic right which must be respected," it said in a statement.

    "We therefore call on the Sri Lankan authorities and the management of Sri Lankan telecommunications firms to stop activities aimed at blocking free access in Sri Lanka to all legitimate media websites, including Lanka-e-News."

    Sri Lanka has seen many attacks on journalists and media institutions this year, including the attack on the editor of the Tamil Uthayan paper in Jaffna.

    "I don't see any necessity for registering. There is enough room under the normal law to prevent obscene and unethical publications," Kusal Perera, a government critic and director of the Center for Social Democracy, told Reuters.

    "This is just to hunt down the dissent."

    See previous articles:

    US ‘deeply concerned’ over Lanka’s media freedom (01 Nov 2011)

    Sunday Leader editor threatened by ‘Sinha Regiment’ (03 Nov 2011)

    When Dutugemunu met the Queen... (02 Nov 2011)

    Status: Not Free (19 Oct 2011)

Subscribe to Tamil Affairs